A
working paper put out by the National Bureau of Economic Research provides new data on the learning outcomes of students who enroll at a community college with the intent to transfer to a four year school. The paper, discussed in detail in an article in
Inside Higher Ed, suggests that even accounting for differences in educational goals, students starting at
community colleges are less likely to earn a bachelor's degree in nine years than students who start at a four-year college.
The study tracked students who enrolled in
Ohio's colleges and universities in 1998 and used a survey of incoming students from that year to determine career and
college goals. Researchers then looked at the learning outcomes of community college students who took the
ACT or professed an interest in ultimately getting a bachelor's degree. The results showed that these students were 14.5 percent less likely than their counterparts at four-year colleges and universities to graduate.
The article stresses the difficulty in comparing students at the two different types of colleges. Community college students tend to be from lower-income backgrounds and are more likely to be
minorities or
adult students, which can all be factors in students' likelihood to earn a degree. The study also doesn't account for whether the difference is simply due to changes in plans. Many students choose the less expensive option of community college because they are unsure of their educational goals, so it's likely those goals might change and students might decide to walk away with an associate's degree.
More research still needs to be done, but students who are considering starting at a two-year college then transferring may want to keep these numbers in mind. While the study shows that students who do successfully transfer to a four-year
state college do just as well as students who start in one, the transfer process can be difficult and daunting. Students have to navigate the
application process, degree requirements, and other hurdles at two institutions, and there's not always a guarantee that a student's credits will successfully transfer. This can dissuade less dedicated students and students with fewer resources, as can the higher cost of tuition at a four-year university. Community college students also may not be sure
what to expect in college at the baccalaureate level and may feel unprepared.
If you plan to put in a year or two at a community college then transfer, do your research thoroughly and make sure you're making the
right college choice. You'll need to have a clear sense of where you want to go and what you want to do, and find out as much as possible about what will be involved in transferring as early as you can. Learn about
financial aid options available to you as a transfer student and make sure your plan will really make your bachelor's degree cheaper. Finally, don't get discouraged and keep your eyes on the prize.